Middle+Ages

//"Also say to them, that they suffer him this day to win his spurs, for if god be pleased, I will this journey be his, and the honor thereof."// - ** Edward III ** media type="custom" key="12053487"
 * The Middle Ages**  1000-1500 AD

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Peasants kept pigs, cows, and sheep for food and clothing. They also grew vegetables and grains to feed themselves and their families.
 * Farming in the Middle Ages**

The Black Death was really bubonic plague, spread by fleas from rats. It is estimated that 38 million people died from this disease out of the total 75 million in Europe.
 * The Black Death**

This map shows how much of Europe the Roman Catholic Church controlled. The Catholic Church was so powerful that it issued decrees saying the pope could depose emperors but that he could not be judged by anyone.
 * Map of Middle Ages**

The Gothic style of cathedral-building appeared in about 1200 AD. It used ribbed vaults and pointed arches to create higher buildings. It also used flying buttresses, supports on the outside of the building, to forgo heavier walls. This made it possible to have huge stained glass windows, usually showing religious scenes. The Story of Robin Hood The legendary Robin Hood was actually based on a real person. His name was William De Fevre, was named an outlaw by the sheriff of Nottingham, and joined a band of outlaws in Sherwood Forest. He //did// rob the rich and give to the poor, and he was remembered for his kindness and courtesy to the less fortunate.
 * Middle Age Architecture**

Beginning in about 500 BC, the Middle Ages were a time of great change. The Catholic Church had become the ruling power in this time, and was on a quest to convert the whole of Europe and even farther. Because of this determination, the "barbarians" were slowly being persuaded to join the church. The first such barbarian that had any power was Clovis, the ruler of the Franks, a strong Germanic tribe from which France is named. When he joined, the his whole tribe did as well, which was why France is a largely Christian country. Eventually, Charlemagne came along, who spread Christianity far and wide. He also united Europe for the first time.
 * __Overview__**

Bubonic plague, or black death, killed one third of Europes population. The plague was carried to humans all across Europe by rats and the fleas they carried. After the plague, the churchs power declined a lot. It began with the great schism. This started when there was two people that thought that they were the rightful pope and had the power, in a way, divided. The two popes also excommunicated each other. The great schism lasted from 1378 to 1417 and divided Europe between France and England/Rome. //Middle Age inventions// media type="custom" key="11436644" __**Terms:**__ __**People:**__
 * 1) Fief- This was a grant of land made to a vassal. It brought that person up on the social ladder, since the more land you had, the more powerful you were.
 * 2) Pope- This was the leader of the Roman Catholic church. He was treated as the voice of God on earth
 * 3) Vassal- This was a man who served his lord in a military capacity. He stayed loyal to his lord so he would eventually be rewarded with land.
 * 4) Domesday Book- This was a census taken by William the Conqueror. It was used for tax purposes, since without a census, people could just lie about how many people they had to pay less money.
 * 5) Wergild- The amount paid by a wrongdoer to the family of the person they wronged. The amount depended on the status of the person wronged.
 * 1) Charles Martel- Known as "Charles the Hammer," he fought in the Battle of Tours, which stopped the Muslims from invading into Europe, and started Feudalism in Europe
 * 2) Pepin the Short- He was elected King of Franks by nobles. He was the son of Charles Martel
 * 3) Erik the Red- He discovered Greenland in 983 AD
 * 4) Leif Erickson- He landed at Newfoundland, thereby discovering North America long before Columbus.
 * 5) Pope Urban the Second- This man was the one who called for the Crusades at the Council of Clermont.